Understanding python classes

class Example:
    attr = 1

    def method(self):
        return "method"


print(f"{type(44)=}")              # type(44)=<class 'int'>
print(f"{type('hello')=}")         # type('hello')=<class 'str'>
print(f"{type(())=}")              # type(())=<class 'tuple'>
print(f"{type([])=}")              # type([])=<class 'list'>

print(f"{Example.__class__=}")     # <class 'type'>
print(f"{type(Example)=}")         # <class 'type'>
print(f"{type(type(type))=}")      # <class 'type'>

print(f"{Example().__class__=}")   # <class '__main__.Example'>


assert isinstance(Example, type)
assert isinstance(Example(), Example)